Cod Liver Oil

Cod liver oil has been touted as a remedy for everything from arthritis to heart disease. A steady stream of research has affirmed its ability to treat or prevent a number of health problems, and its popularity is growing rapidly. While the supplement appears to hold great promise, it also has numerous potential side effects and should be taken with caution.

Possible Adverse Effects

Cod liver oil’s effectiveness stems mainly from its large amounts of omega-3 fatty acids, which seem to provide relief from a variety of ailments. However, in large amounts, these same acids can pose great health risks, particularly when taken in supplement form rather than included in the diet by eating foods rich in omega-3 acids. While many people may find great benefit from taking cod liver oil, anyone considering taking the supplement should be aware of these potential side effects:

Omega-3 fatty acids can interfere with the blood’s ability to clot, thus increasing the risk of hemorrhagic strokes. By inhibiting clotting ability, it can also raise the risk for internal bleeding. Supplements should not be taken by anyone on anti-coagulant medication, anyone who has a bleeding disorder, or anyone with uncontrolled high blood pressure, a condition that already places them at greater risk for a stroke. Fish oils also should be discontinued two weeks before having surgery and one week after, to prevent complications from the blood’s decreased ability to clot.

Cod liver oil, whether taken in liquid or capsule form, is the richest source of vitamins A and D, which can be dangerous when taken in large amounts. These vitamins are essential, and in fact, too little of either can cause health problems, but taking too much can also be risky. Too much vitamin A can cause birth defects, so amounts should be limited for women of childbearing age. It is also that believed that too much vitamin A can interfere with bone growth and make the bones prone to fractures. Vitamin D is also dangerous in large amounts, and overdosing on the vitamin can be toxic.